A Review of Nanotechnology Applications

A review of current technology research efforts has been conducted in this paper. In nanoscience, objects are measured in nanometers, 1 billionth of a meter. For comparison, a human hair is approximately 100,000 nanometers thick and the smallest feature on current computer chips measures about 200 nanometers. Since nanotechnology has a wide range of applications from computer chip manufacturing, new materials, renewable energy, interconnection technology to mount the nano-chips, and in medical science, this review presents a broad summary of development efforts in the government and private sector laboratories. Therefore this project on the one hand prepares a review of literature on nanotechnology, and on the other hand attempts to develop a conceptual model of force-displacement analysis in a layer of atoms with a known pattern and atomic bonding force between them when an external force is exerted. The model will make assumptions of the bonding forces between them and predict a path in which atoms will be displaced. Such a model will integrate and develop more knowledge on the failure and fracture of nanosystems.