Gas Exchange, Growth, and Defense Responses of Invasive Alliaria Petiolata(Brassicaceae) and Native Geum Vernum(Rosaceae) to Elevated Atmospheric CO2 and Warm Spring Temperatures

Laurel J. Anderson; Don Cipollini

doi:ajb.1300014v1 100/8/1544

Gas Exchange, Growth, and Defense Responses of Invasive Alliaria Petiolata(Brassicaceae) and Native Geum Vernum(Rosaceae) to Elevated Atmospheric CO2 and Warm Spring Temperatures

Laurel J. Anderson, Don Cipollini

Wright State University

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

Premise of Study: Global increases in atmospheric CO 2 and temperature may interact in complex ways to influence plant physiology and growth, particularly for species that grow in cool, early spring conditions in temperate forests. Plant species may also vary in their responses to environmental changes; fast-growing invasives may be more responsive to rising CO 2 than natives and may increase production of allelopathic compounds under these conditions, altering species’ competitive interactions. • Methods: We examined growth and physiological responses of Alliaria petiolata , an allelopathic, invasive herb, and Geum vernum , a co-occurring native herb, to ambient and elevated spring temperatures and atmospheric CO 2 conditions in a factorial growth chamber experiment. • Key Results: At 5 wk, leaves were larger at high temperature, and shoot biomass increased under elevated CO 2 only at high temperature in both species. As temperatures gradually warmed to simulate seasonal progression, G. vernum became responsive to CO 2 at both temperatures, whereas A. petiolata continued to respond to elevated CO 2 only at high temperature. Elevated CO 2 increased thickness and decreased nitrogen concentrations in leaves of both species. Alliaria petiolata showed photosynthetic downregulation at elevated CO 2 , whereas G. vernum photosynthesis increased at elevated temperature. Flavonoid and cyanide concentrations decreased significantly in A. petiolata leaves in the elevated CO 2 and temperature treatment. Total glucosinolate concentrations and trypsin inhibitor activities did not vary among treatments. • Conclusions: Future elevated spring temperatures and CO 2 will interact to stimulate growth for A. petiolata and G. vernum , but there may be reduced allelochemical effects in A. petiolata .

Original language	American English
Journal	American Journal of Botany
DOIs	https://doi.org/ajb.1300014v1 100/8/1544
State	Published - Aug 1 2013

Keywords

Alliaria petiolata
Geum vernum
allelopathy
elevated CO2
elevated temperature
global change
invasive plant
plant defense
spring warming

Disciplines

Biology
Life Sciences
Medical Sciences
Medicine and Health Sciences
Systems Biology

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ajb.1300014v1 100/8/1544License: Unspecified

http://www.amjbot.org/content/100/8/1544.long

Cite this

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title = "Gas Exchange, Growth, and Defense Responses of Invasive Alliaria Petiolata(Brassicaceae) and Native Geum Vernum(Rosaceae) to Elevated Atmospheric CO2 and Warm Spring Temperatures",

abstract = " Premise of Study: Global increases in atmospheric CO 2 and temperature may interact in complex ways to influence plant physiology and growth, particularly for species that grow in cool, early spring conditions in temperate forests. Plant species may also vary in their responses to environmental changes; fast-growing invasives may be more responsive to rising CO 2 than natives and may increase production of allelopathic compounds under these conditions, altering species’ competitive interactions. • Methods: We examined growth and physiological responses of Alliaria petiolata , an allelopathic, invasive herb, and Geum vernum , a co-occurring native herb, to ambient and elevated spring temperatures and atmospheric CO 2 conditions in a factorial growth chamber experiment. • Key Results: At 5 wk, leaves were larger at high temperature, and shoot biomass increased under elevated CO 2 only at high temperature in both species. As temperatures gradually warmed to simulate seasonal progression, G. vernum became responsive to CO 2 at both temperatures, whereas A. petiolata continued to respond to elevated CO 2 only at high temperature. Elevated CO 2 increased thickness and decreased nitrogen concentrations in leaves of both species. Alliaria petiolata showed photosynthetic downregulation at elevated CO 2 , whereas G. vernum photosynthesis increased at elevated temperature. Flavonoid and cyanide concentrations decreased significantly in A. petiolata leaves in the elevated CO 2 and temperature treatment. Total glucosinolate concentrations and trypsin inhibitor activities did not vary among treatments. • Conclusions: Future elevated spring temperatures and CO 2 will interact to stimulate growth for A. petiolata and G. vernum , but there may be reduced allelochemical effects in A. petiolata . ",

keywords = "Alliaria petiolata, Geum vernum, allelopathy, elevated CO2, elevated temperature, global change, invasive plant, plant defense, spring warming",

author = "Anderson, {Laurel J.} and Don Cipollini",

year = "2013",

month = aug,

day = "1",

doi = "ajb.1300014v1 100/8/1544",

language = "American English",

journal = "American Journal of Botany",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Gas Exchange, Growth, and Defense Responses of Invasive Alliaria Petiolata(Brassicaceae) and Native Geum Vernum(Rosaceae) to Elevated Atmospheric CO2 and Warm Spring Temperatures

AU - Anderson, Laurel J.

AU - Cipollini, Don

PY - 2013/8/1

Y1 - 2013/8/1

N2 - Premise of Study: Global increases in atmospheric CO 2 and temperature may interact in complex ways to influence plant physiology and growth, particularly for species that grow in cool, early spring conditions in temperate forests. Plant species may also vary in their responses to environmental changes; fast-growing invasives may be more responsive to rising CO 2 than natives and may increase production of allelopathic compounds under these conditions, altering species’ competitive interactions. • Methods: We examined growth and physiological responses of Alliaria petiolata , an allelopathic, invasive herb, and Geum vernum , a co-occurring native herb, to ambient and elevated spring temperatures and atmospheric CO 2 conditions in a factorial growth chamber experiment. • Key Results: At 5 wk, leaves were larger at high temperature, and shoot biomass increased under elevated CO 2 only at high temperature in both species. As temperatures gradually warmed to simulate seasonal progression, G. vernum became responsive to CO 2 at both temperatures, whereas A. petiolata continued to respond to elevated CO 2 only at high temperature. Elevated CO 2 increased thickness and decreased nitrogen concentrations in leaves of both species. Alliaria petiolata showed photosynthetic downregulation at elevated CO 2 , whereas G. vernum photosynthesis increased at elevated temperature. Flavonoid and cyanide concentrations decreased significantly in A. petiolata leaves in the elevated CO 2 and temperature treatment. Total glucosinolate concentrations and trypsin inhibitor activities did not vary among treatments. • Conclusions: Future elevated spring temperatures and CO 2 will interact to stimulate growth for A. petiolata and G. vernum , but there may be reduced allelochemical effects in A. petiolata .

AB - Premise of Study: Global increases in atmospheric CO 2 and temperature may interact in complex ways to influence plant physiology and growth, particularly for species that grow in cool, early spring conditions in temperate forests. Plant species may also vary in their responses to environmental changes; fast-growing invasives may be more responsive to rising CO 2 than natives and may increase production of allelopathic compounds under these conditions, altering species’ competitive interactions. • Methods: We examined growth and physiological responses of Alliaria petiolata , an allelopathic, invasive herb, and Geum vernum , a co-occurring native herb, to ambient and elevated spring temperatures and atmospheric CO 2 conditions in a factorial growth chamber experiment. • Key Results: At 5 wk, leaves were larger at high temperature, and shoot biomass increased under elevated CO 2 only at high temperature in both species. As temperatures gradually warmed to simulate seasonal progression, G. vernum became responsive to CO 2 at both temperatures, whereas A. petiolata continued to respond to elevated CO 2 only at high temperature. Elevated CO 2 increased thickness and decreased nitrogen concentrations in leaves of both species. Alliaria petiolata showed photosynthetic downregulation at elevated CO 2 , whereas G. vernum photosynthesis increased at elevated temperature. Flavonoid and cyanide concentrations decreased significantly in A. petiolata leaves in the elevated CO 2 and temperature treatment. Total glucosinolate concentrations and trypsin inhibitor activities did not vary among treatments. • Conclusions: Future elevated spring temperatures and CO 2 will interact to stimulate growth for A. petiolata and G. vernum , but there may be reduced allelochemical effects in A. petiolata .

KW - Alliaria petiolata

KW - Geum vernum

KW - allelopathy

KW - elevated CO2

KW - elevated temperature

KW - global change

KW - invasive plant

KW - plant defense

KW - spring warming

UR - https://corescholar.libraries.wright.edu/biology/464

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DO - ajb.1300014v1 100/8/1544

M3 - Article

JO - American Journal of Botany

JF - American Journal of Botany

ER -

Gas Exchange, Growth, and Defense Responses of Invasive Alliaria Petiolata(Brassicaceae) and Native Geum Vernum(Rosaceae) to Elevated Atmospheric CO2 and Warm Spring Temperatures

Abstract

Keywords

Disciplines

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