Iterative Virtual and Physical Simulation for Staged Separation of Total Vertical Craniopagus: The Avatar Patient Approach to Conjoined Twins

Carlo G. Giussani; Fabio Mazzoleni; Andrea Marchesi; Paolo Remida; Robert M. Lober; Akil Patel; Andrea Trezza; Mattia Moretti; Leonardo Brambilla; Giovanni Palumbo; Domenico Scopelliti; Giuseppe Citerio; Alessandra Moretto; Aida Andreassi; Erika Kacerik; Cosimo Iacca; Federico Nicolosi; Giorgio G. Carrabba; Christopher Gordon

doi:10.1227/ons.0000000000002116

Iterative Virtual and Physical Simulation for Staged Separation of Total Vertical Craniopagus: The Avatar Patient Approach to Conjoined Twins

Carlo G. Giussani
, Fabio Mazzoleni
, Andrea Marchesi
, Paolo Remida
, Robert M. Lober
, Akil Patel
, Andrea Trezza
, Mattia Moretti
, Leonardo Brambilla
, Giovanni Palumbo
, Domenico Scopelliti
, Giuseppe Citerio
, Alessandra Moretto
, Aida Andreassi
, Erika Kacerik
, Cosimo Iacca
, Federico Nicolosi
, Giorgio G. Carrabba
, Christopher Gordon

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Original language	English
Journal	Operative Neurosurgery
Volume	Publish Ahead of Print
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1227/ons.0000000000002116
State	Published - Jun 23 2026
Externally published	Yes

ASJC Scopus Subject Areas

Surgery
Clinical Neurology

Keywords

Avatar patient approach
Craniopagus
Digital twin medicine
Iterative planning platform
Simulation pediatric neurosurgery

Access to Document

10.1227/ons.0000000000002116

Cite this

Giussani, C. G., Mazzoleni, F., Marchesi, A., Remida, P., Lober, R. M., Patel, A., Trezza, A., Moretti, M., Brambilla, L., Palumbo, G., Scopelliti, D., Citerio, G., Moretto, A., Andreassi, A., Kacerik, E., Iacca, C., Nicolosi, F., Carrabba, G. G., & Gordon, C. (2026). Iterative Virtual and Physical Simulation for Staged Separation of Total Vertical Craniopagus: The Avatar Patient Approach to Conjoined Twins. Operative Neurosurgery, Publish Ahead of Print. https://doi.org/10.1227/ons.0000000000002116

Giussani, CG, Mazzoleni, F, Marchesi, A, Remida, P, Lober, RM, Patel, A, Trezza, A, Moretti, M, Brambilla, L, Palumbo, G, Scopelliti, D, Citerio, G, Moretto, A, Andreassi, A, Kacerik, E, Iacca, C, Nicolosi, F, Carrabba, GG & Gordon, C 2026, 'Iterative Virtual and Physical Simulation for Staged Separation of Total Vertical Craniopagus: The Avatar Patient Approach to Conjoined Twins', Operative Neurosurgery, vol. Publish Ahead of Print. https://doi.org/10.1227/ons.0000000000002116

@article{58b98bb09ab140f7b8c1fea604a242e3,

title = "Iterative Virtual and Physical Simulation for Staged Separation of Total Vertical Craniopagus: The Avatar Patient Approach to Conjoined Twins",

keywords = "Avatar patient approach, Craniopagus, Digital twin medicine, Iterative planning platform, Simulation pediatric neurosurgery",

author = "Giussani, \{Carlo G.\} and Fabio Mazzoleni and Andrea Marchesi and Paolo Remida and Lober, \{Robert M.\} and Akil Patel and Andrea Trezza and Mattia Moretti and Leonardo Brambilla and Giovanni Palumbo and Domenico Scopelliti and Giuseppe Citerio and Alessandra Moretto and Aida Andreassi and Erika Kacerik and Cosimo Iacca and Federico Nicolosi and Carrabba, \{Giorgio G.\} and Christopher Gordon",

year = "2026",

month = jun,

day = "23",

doi = "10.1227/ons.0000000000002116",

language = "English",

volume = "Publish Ahead of Print",

journal = "Operative Neurosurgery",

issn = "2332-4252",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Iterative Virtual and Physical Simulation for Staged Separation of Total Vertical Craniopagus

T2 - The Avatar Patient Approach to Conjoined Twins

AU - Giussani, Carlo G.

AU - Mazzoleni, Fabio

AU - Marchesi, Andrea

AU - Remida, Paolo

AU - Lober, Robert M.

AU - Patel, Akil

AU - Trezza, Andrea

AU - Moretti, Mattia

AU - Brambilla, Leonardo

AU - Palumbo, Giovanni

AU - Scopelliti, Domenico

AU - Citerio, Giuseppe

AU - Moretto, Alessandra

AU - Andreassi, Aida

AU - Kacerik, Erika

AU - Iacca, Cosimo

AU - Nicolosi, Federico

AU - Carrabba, Giorgio G.

AU - Gordon, Christopher

PY - 2026/6/23

Y1 - 2026/6/23

KW - Avatar patient approach

KW - Craniopagus

KW - Digital twin medicine

KW - Iterative planning platform

KW - Simulation pediatric neurosurgery

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105044453587

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105044453587#tab=citedBy

U2 - 10.1227/ons.0000000000002116

DO - 10.1227/ons.0000000000002116

M3 - Article

C2 - 42318872

AN - SCOPUS:105044453587

SN - 2332-4252

VL - Publish Ahead of Print

JO - Operative Neurosurgery

JF - Operative Neurosurgery

ER -

Iterative Virtual and Physical Simulation for Staged Separation of Total Vertical Craniopagus: The Avatar Patient Approach to Conjoined Twins

ASJC Scopus Subject Areas

Keywords

Access to Document

Other files and links

Cite this